An essay in Writing Task 2 of the IELTS exam (Academic and General Training) starts with an introduction paragraph. Ideally, you should write between 35 to 50 words, keeping it concise to allow ample time to develop your ideas in the main body paragraphs.
That said, the introduction paragraph shouldn’t be underestimated because the Task Response marking criterion assesses how clearly you open your essay. A good introduction is vital for setting the tone of your essay.
Before learning how to write an introduction paragraph, let’s first break down a typical IELTS writing topic.
Table of Contents
1. Parts of an IELTS Essay Writing Topic
A typical IELTS Writing Task 2 question comprises two parts:
- Prompt: This addresses a certain issue, phenomenon, or idea. For example:
Some people believe that universities should only offer places to students with the highest marks, while others believe that students with a variety of abilities should be admitted.
- Task Response: This explains what you are expected to write about. For instance:
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
The good news is that the introduction paragraph can be written using just two statements: the background statement and the thesis statement. Let’s understand both with an example question.
2. Sample Question
Some people believe that universities should only offer places to students with the highest marks, while others believe that students with a variety of abilities should be admitted. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
The parts highlighted in yellow are the prompt, and the section in blue is your task response. Now that you understand the parts of an IELTS question, let’s dive into the background and thesis statements.
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3. Background Statement (Paraphrase) and Thesis Statement
Background Statement
The background statement is essentially a paraphrase of the prompt. Upon reading the prompt, it is immediately clear that the main issue is about university admissions. For example:
Example:
Many people have differing views on university admissions. Some argue that universities should focus on admitting only those students who achieve the highest grades, whereas others feel that a wider range of abilities should be considered.
Thesis Statement
The thesis statement is the final sentence of your introduction paragraph. It tells the examiner what you intend to write about. For instance:
This essay will examine both opinions before offering a personal perspective.
This boosts your Cohesion and Coherence score as it lends structure and helps the examiner understand the essay’s direction.
4. Steps and Tips to Write an Effective Introduction
- Carefully Read the Question: Highlight keywords such as ‘university admissions,’ ‘highest marks,’ and ‘variety of abilities.’
- Understand the Task Response: Ensure you grasp what the question asks you to do.
- Paraphrase the Background Statement: Use synonyms or change the form of the words where appropriate. Avoid forced paraphrasing like changing ‘home’ to ‘abode.’
- Write a Clear Thesis Statement: Refer to the second part of the question to guide your thesis statement. Examples include:
- This essay will examine both opinions before offering a personal perspective.
- This essay will address both sides of the argument and offer my personal opinion.
- This essay will explore both views and present my own opinion.
5. Common Mistakes to Avoid in an Introduction
- Memorised Expressions: Avoid overused phrases such as:
- It is a burning issue.
- It is a controversial debate.
- It is a widely acknowledged fact.
- Over-Paraphrasing: Do not alter words unnecessarily to the point of awkwardness.
- Lengthy Introductions: Keep your introduction concise. Focus on brevity and clarity.
6. Real IELTS Exam Topics with Sample Introductions
Advantage-Disadvantage Essays
- Topic: Some people believe that online education is better than traditional classroom education. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Introduction: While traditional classroom-based teaching is often hailed for its interactive approach, many argue that online education is superior due to its convenience and accessibility. This essay will explore the benefits and drawbacks of online learning and contend that the disadvantages overshadow the benefits.
- Topic: The increase in tourism has led to environmental damage. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Introduction: There is no doubt that unbridled domestic and international tourism have played a role in global warming and environmental degradation. This essay will explore the pros and cons of tourism, ultimately arguing that its benefits can outweigh the drawbacks, provided certain conditions are met.
Topic: Many people believe that artificial intelligence will replace jobs in the future. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has dramatically transformed various aspects of our lives, leading many to speculate that it will eventually take over human jobs. This essay will examine both the positive and negative implications of this shift and argue that safeguards must be put in place to ensure AI benefits humanity rather than dominates it.
Discussion Essays
- Topic: Some believe that public transport should be free for everyone. Others think it should be paid for. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Some contend that removing fares for public transport would lead to increased usage and overall benefits to society, while others argue that charging passengers is essential to ensure the system’s quality and long-term viability. This essay will explore both viewpoints before concluding that a balanced approach is the most effective solution.
- Topic: Some people believe that zoos are cruel, while others feel they are important for animal conservation. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Introduction: The role of zoos in contemporary society is a subject of ongoing debate. While some argue that confining animals for entertainment purposes is inhumane, others believe that zoos are crucial for the conservation of endangered species. This essay will explore both perspectives before concluding that zoos should be permitted to operate, provided that the welfare of the animals is prioritized.
- Topic: Some think that homeschooling is better than traditional education, while others disagree. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Introduction: The concept of education has evolved significantly in recent years, with some believing that home-schooling offers greater advantages than conventional schooling. This essay will explore both sides of the argument before concluding that classroom learning remains important, particularly in an era where children are increasingly immersed in digital devices.
Double Question Essays
- Topic: More and more people from rural areas migrate to cities every year. Why do people prefer to live in cities? What can be done to improve life in rural areas?
Introduction: The 21st century has witnessed significant changes worldwide, including population shifts from the countryside to urban areas. This essay will examine the reasons behind this unbridled urban migration and explore potential ways to enhance life in rural communities.
- Topic: Obesity is a growing concern. What causes obesity? What measures can individuals and governments take to reduce it?
Introduction: Obesity has emerged as a significant global issue, fuelled by poor dietary choices, lack of physical activity, and societal factors. This essay will examine the primary causes of obesity and explore the measures that both individuals and governments can implement to address this problem before it’s too late.
- Topic: Many men and women are making the decision to have children later in life. Why is this trend occurring? What are the effects on families and society?
Introduction: The family unit is undergoing significant changes since recent times, with many young people choosing to delay parenthood due to personal and financial constraints. This essay will explore the reasons behind this conscious decision and examine the inevitable fallout of such a trend.
Opinion Essays
- Topic: Some believe that social media does more harm than good. Do you agree or disagree?
Introduction: There is no doubt that social media has become deeply embedded in every aspect of modern life, with many expressing concern over its detrimental effects. While it offers certain benefits, I share these concerns and believe the negative consequences outweigh the positives, as will be discussed in this essay.
- Topic: Some people believe that technology is making people more isolated and less sociable. Do you agree or disagree?
Introduction: The impact of technology on social interaction has become a topic of study and concern. While some argue that these advancements have brought us closer, others believe they have accelerated social isolation particularly in real life scenarios. This essay will discuss both perspectives before concluding that humans are indeed drifting apart from each other.
- Topic: Many students now have the opportunity to study in other countries. Do you think it is better to study abroad or in your home country?
Introduction: With globalization reshaping the business of education, many students are eager to pursue higher studies abroad. I believe there is no definitive answer to whether studying abroad or in one’s home country is better, as the decision largely depends on an individual’s personal circumstances and field of study.
Problem-solution Essays
- Topic: Water scarcity is a serious problem in many countries. What causes water scarcity? What can be done to address this issue?
Introduction: Water scarcity has become a growing global concern, driven by factors such as climate change, wastage, and contamination of water sources. This essay will examine the underlying causes of water scarcity and explore potential solutions, including desalination, that could help ensure sustainable and equitable water access.
- Topic: Homelessness is increasing in many major cities around the world. Why is homelessness increasing? What can be done to reduce it?
Introduction: Homelessness is on the rise in both developing and developed countries, with increasing numbers of individuals priced out of the housing and rental market. Factors such as poverty, lack of affordability, and mental health issues add to this crisis. This essay will explore the underlying causes of homelessness and suggest effective measures to reduce its prevalence.
- Topic: The problems caused by work-related stress (such as lack of productivity) have become a concern for both employers and workers. What are the reasons for workplace stress? How can it be reduced?
Introduction: Workplace stress has become a widespread issue, fuelled by factors such as poor working conditions, hostile management styles, and the looming threat of layoffs. This essay will explore the key reasons behind job stress and propose practical solutions to address this concern before it worsens.
FAQs for Writing IELTS Introductions
Q1. How long should an introduction be in IELTS Writing Task 2?
A: Aim for 35-50 words to keep it concise and focused.
Q2. Can I memorise a template for writing an introduction?
A: Avoid memorised templates as they can lead to formulaic writing. Focus on writing naturally and adapting to the question.
Q3. How much time should I spend on writing the introduction?
A: Spend no more than 5 minutes on your introduction to save time for the main body paragraphs.
Q4. Is it necessary to paraphrase every word in the background statement?
A: No, paraphrasing every word isn’t necessary. Focus on clarity and readability.
Q5. What is the best way to write a good introduction?
A: Review introductions in model answers and practice some yourself with a timer.
